Abstract Fuzzy Clustering Means (FCM) algorithm is a widely used clustering method in image segmentation, but it often falls into local minimum and is quite sensitive to initial values which are random in most cases. In this work, we consider the extension to FCM to multimodal data improved by a Dynamic Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) algorithm which by construction incorporates local and global optimization capabilities. Image segmentation of three-variate MRI brain data is achieved using FCM-3 and DPSOFCM-3 where the three modalities T1-weighted, T2-weighted and Proton Density (PD), are treated at once (the suffix-3 is added to distinguish our three-variate method from mono-variate methods usually using T1- weighted modality). FCM-3 and DPSOFCM-3 were evaluated on several Magnetic Resonance (MR) brain images corrupted by different levels of noise and intensity non-uniformity. By means of various performance criteria, our results show that the proposed method substantially improves segmentation results. For noisiest and most no-uniform images, the performance improved as much as 9% with respect to other methods.

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[29] Zanaty E., “Determination of Gray Matter (GM) and White Matter (WM) Volume in Brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI),” International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 45, no. 3, pp.16-22, 2012. Kies Karima is currently an assistant professor and a permanent member of SIMPA laboratory in informatics department at University of Science and Technology of Oran-Mohamed Boudiaf (USTO-MB). She received her engineering degree in Computer Science, M.Sc. and Ph.D from USTO-MB (1999- 2009). She is the head of Computer Science department and has published more than ten papers in journals and conference proceedings. Her main research interests include medical image processing, 3D image segmentation and pattern recognition. Benamrane Nacera is currently a full professor and a director of SIMPA laboratory in informatics department at University of Science and Technology of Oran-Mohamed Boudiaf (USTO-MB). She received her engineering degree in Computer Science from University of Oran, the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from University of Valenciennes, France, in 1988 and 1994. Since 2002, she is the head of vision and medical imaging team at SIMPA laboratory. She has published more than 90 papers in journals and conference proceedings. Her main research interests include image processing, medical imaging, computer vision, biomedical engineering and pattern recognition.