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Received date January 23, 2010

Accepted date May 20, 2010 1. Intro

The Effect of Using P-XCAST Routing Protocol on Many-to-Many Applications

Author School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malay sia, Malaysia ,

Keywords # MANETs # P-XCAST # QoS # PTT

Abstract There are two types of wireless networks, infrastru cture wireless network and wireless Ad-hoc networks . Wireless Ad-hoc networks are well suited for use by emergenc y response teams, for search and rescue operations that require team- based communications in the absence of working tele communications infrastructure, while infrastructure networks require the existence of access point in which all the communic ations are done through it. Unfortunately, wireless Ad-hoc networks suffer from limited bandwidth and QoS constraints. A Prior ity eXplicit multiCAST based routing protocol (P-XCAST) is presented in this paper to support team-based many-to-many commu nications in wireless Ad-hoc networks. eXplicit multiCAST (XCAST) is well suited for supporting a large number of small groups effectively, in comparison with multicast based protocols. However, since XCAST was initially designed for wired networ ks, it was not optimized for wireless Ad-hoc network use. The proposed P- XCAST protocol enhances XCAST for wireless Ad-hoc n etwork use by modifying the route request mechanism in AODV to build the network topology, and route data packets containing the list of destinations for a given group in the XCAST header, by classifying the destinations according to simila rities in their next hop neighbors and hop counts. A single data packet is XCAST in lieu of sending n unicast data packets to n destinations with the same next hop neighbor. In addition, P-XCAST is merged with a new mobile group management protocol to handle mobility of group members. In this paper, P-XCAST was tested using topologies with different sources that were sending and receiving data at the same time t o handle foreground and background many-to-many applications. The results o f simulation experiments show that P-XCAST achieved better QoS performance compared with other routing protocols f or small group sizes typical of group communications applications such as Push-To-Talk (PTT).

References

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[2] Andrew B., TCP/IP Jump Start-Internet Protocol Basics , 2 ed Sybex Inc, 2002.

[3] Aron I. and Gupta S., A Witness-Aided Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks with Unidirectional Links, in Proceedings of the 1 st International Conference on Mobile Data Access , UK, pp. 24-33, 1999.

[4] Boivie R., Feldman N., Iami Y., livens W., Ooms D., and Pariddaens O., Explicit Multicast (xcast) Basic Specifications, IETF Internet Draft, 2005.

[5] Charles P., Elizabeth B., and Samir D., Ad-hoc on Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing, IETF Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-AODV- 10.txt, Work in Progress, 2002.

[6] Chen L., Protocols for Supporting Quality of Service in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks, PhD Thesis , University of Rochester, New York, 2006.

[7] Clausen T. and Jacquet P., Optimized Link State Routing Protocol, RFC-3626, 2003.

[8] Glomosim, available at: http://pcl.cs.ucla.edu/projects/glomosm, last visited 2008. GR Number of receivers Group reliability for background many-to-many appli cations with background traffic Throughput (kbps) Number of receivers Packet delivery ratio for many-to-many applications with background traffic Number of receivers Jitter (S) Jitter for many-to-many applications with backgroun d traffic The Effect of Using P-XCAST Routing Protocol on Many-to-Many Applications 321

[9] Llyas M., Ad-hoc Wireless Networks , CRC Press, 2003.

[10] Johnson D., Hu Y., and Maltz D., The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR) for Mobile Ad- hoc Networks for IPv4, RFC-4728, draft-ietf- manet-dsr-10.text, pp. 2-100, 2007.

[11] Lavi N., Cidon I., and Keidar I., MaGMA: Mobility and Group Management Architecture for Real-Time Collaborative Application, in Proceedings of the 6 th IEEE IFIP on Mobile and Wireless Communication Networks , Paris, pp. 1- 36, 2004.

[12] Lu H. and Denko M., Ad-hoc Networking: AN AODV-Based Clustering and Routing Scheme for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks , Springer Boston, 2006.

[13] Lee S., Gerla M., and Chiang C., On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol, in Proceedings of IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking , USA, pp.1298-1302, 1999.

[14] Novatnack J., Greenwald L., and Arora H., Evaluating Ad-hoc Routing Protocols with Respect to Quality of Service, IEEE Communications Magazine , vol. 3, no. 22-24, pp. 205-212, 2005.

[15] Saghir M., Quality of Service Enabled Cross- Layer Multicast Framework for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks, PhD Thesis, Universiti Sains, Malaysia, 2008.

[16] Tebbe H. and Kassler A., QAMNet: Providing Quality of Service to Ad-hoc Multicast Enabled Networks, in Proceedings of 1 st International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing , Thailand, pp. 1-5, 2006.

[17] Werapum W. and Thavornvisit K., Performance Comparison of TCP and CBR in MAODV Ad- hoc Network, in Proceedings of 2 nd International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications , France, pp. 4, 2007.

[18] Zhang Y. and Aaron G., Quality of Service for Ad-hoc on-Demand Distance Vector Routing, in Proceedings of IEEE Wireless and Mobile Computing, pp. 192-196, 2005. Faisal Alzyoud received his PhD with honority in computer networks from Universiti Sains Malaysia in 2011; the thesis title is XCAST based routing protocol for push-to- talk applications in MANETs. He received his BSc from Jordan University in engineering and MSc in information systems from The Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Jordan in 2004. His research interests are in the field of wireless networks, Ad -hoc networks, multicast and multicast for small group, QoS and real time applications. Tat-Chee Wan received his BSEE and MSEE/CE from Univerisity of Miami, Florida, USA, and his PhD in computer science from Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. He currently serves as a program chairman in the School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. He wa s formerly with Motorola Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. as a seni or R&D engineer in software development for two-way radios. His current research interests include QoS mechanisms for wireless networks, satellite-based internet, and real time embedded systems. This research is conducted in affiliation with the Natio nal Advanced IPv6 Centre (NAV6) in USM. He is presently involved in the AI 3

[ Ay-triple-Ei ] Asian Internet Interconnections Initiative Project as the Terrestrial Wireless (TerWi) Working Group chair, t o investigate the interoperability of unidirectional links over satellite with terrestrial wireless networks f or supporting interactive multimedia communications over IPv6 networks.

Abstract: There are two types of wireless networks, infrastru cture wireless network and wireless Ad-hoc networks . Wireless Ad-hoc networks are well suited for use by emergenc y response teams, for search and rescue operations that require team- based communications in the absence of working tele communications infrastructure, while infrastructure networks require the existence of access point in which all the communic ations are done through it. Unfortunately, wireless Ad-hoc networks suffer from limited bandwidth and QoS constraints. A Prior ity eXplicit multiCAST based routing protocol (P-XCAST) is presented in this paper to support team-based many-to-many commu nications in wireless Ad-hoc networks. eXplicit multiCAST (XCAST) is well suited for supporting a large number of small groups effectively, in comparison with multicast based protocols. However, since XCAST was initially designed for wired networ ks, it was not optimized for wireless Ad-hoc network use. The proposed P- XCAST protocol enhances XCAST for wireless Ad-hoc n etwork use by modifying the route request mechanism in AODV to build the network topology, and route data packets containing the list of destinations for a given group in the XCAST header, by classifying the destinations according to simila rities in their next hop neighbors and hop counts. A single data packet is XCAST in lieu of sending n unicast data packets to n destinations with the same next hop neighbor. In addition, P-XCAST is merged with a new mobile group management protocol to handle mobility of group members. In this paper, P-XCAST was tested using topologies with different sources that were sending and receiving data at the same time t o handle foreground and background many-to-many applications. The results o f simulation experiments show that P-XCAST achieved better QoS performance compared with other routing protocols f or small group sizes typical of group communications applications such as Push-To-Talk (PTT).
URL: https://iajit.org/paper/3421

,abstract={ There are two types of wireless networks, infrastru cture wireless network and wireless Ad-hoc networks . Wireless Ad-hoc networks are well suited for use by emergenc y response teams, for search and rescue operations that require team- based communications in the absence of working tele communications infrastructure, while infrastructure networks require the existence of access point in which all the communic ations are done through it. Unfortunately, wireless Ad-hoc networks suffer from limited bandwidth and QoS constraints. A Prior ity eXplicit multiCAST based routing protocol (P-XCAST) is presented in this paper to support team-based many-to-many commu nications in wireless Ad-hoc networks. eXplicit multiCAST (XCAST) is well suited for supporting a large number of small groups effectively, in comparison with multicast based protocols. However, since XCAST was initially designed for wired networ ks, it was not optimized for wireless Ad-hoc network use. The proposed P- XCAST protocol enhances XCAST for wireless Ad-hoc n etwork use by modifying the route request mechanism in AODV to build the network topology, and route data packets containing the list of destinations for a given group in the XCAST header, by classifying the destinations according to simila rities in their next hop neighbors and hop counts. A single data packet is XCAST in lieu of sending n unicast data packets to n destinations with the same next hop neighbor. In addition, P-XCAST is merged with a new mobile group management protocol to handle mobility of group members. In this paper, P-XCAST was tested using topologies with different sources that were sending and receiving data at the same time t o handle foreground and background many-to-many applications. The results o f simulation experiments show that P-XCAST achieved better QoS performance compared with other routing protocols f or small group sizes typical of group communications applications such as Push-To-Talk (PTT). },
keywords={ MANETs, P-XCAST, QoS, PTT},
ISSN={2413-9351},
month={Jan}}

AB - There are two types of wireless networks, infrastru cture wireless network and wireless Ad-hoc networks . Wireless Ad-hoc networks are well suited for use by emergenc y response teams, for search and rescue operations that require team- based communications in the absence of working tele communications infrastructure, while infrastructure networks require the existence of access point in which all the communic ations are done through it. Unfortunately, wireless Ad-hoc networks suffer from limited bandwidth and QoS constraints. A Prior ity eXplicit multiCAST based routing protocol (P-XCAST) is presented in this paper to support team-based many-to-many commu nications in wireless Ad-hoc networks. eXplicit multiCAST (XCAST) is well suited for supporting a large number of small groups effectively, in comparison with multicast based protocols. However, since XCAST was initially designed for wired networ ks, it was not optimized for wireless Ad-hoc network use. The proposed P- XCAST protocol enhances XCAST for wireless Ad-hoc n etwork use by modifying the route request mechanism in AODV to build the network topology, and route data packets containing the list of destinations for a given group in the XCAST header, by classifying the destinations according to simila rities in their next hop neighbors and hop counts. A single data packet is XCAST in lieu of sending n unicast data packets to n destinations with the same next hop neighbor. In addition, P-XCAST is merged with a new mobile group management protocol to handle mobility of group members. In this paper, P-XCAST was tested using topologies with different sources that were sending and receiving data at the same time t o handle foreground and background many-to-many applications. The results o f simulation experiments show that P-XCAST achieved better QoS performance compared with other routing protocols f or small group sizes typical of group communications applications such as Push-To-Talk (PTT).