Abstract  Digital watermarking is a robust method that allows a person to attach hidden data into the digital audio, video, or image signals and documents. In this paper, we prop ose a watermarking technique where initially, the watermark is embedded into the HL and LH frequency coefficients in multi" wavelet transform domain after searching the optima l locations in order to improve both quality of watermarked image and robus tness of the watermark. Here, the payload along with robustness is improved using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and multi"bit embedding procedure. The experimentation is carried using the different images and the performance of the techniq ue is analyzed using the Perceptual Quality"Depende nt Parameter (PSNR) and NC. The proposed technique is evaluated using v arious compression standards and filtering techniques which yielded good results by having high PSNR and NC values show ing the robustness and fidelity of the technique. The technique has achieved a peak PSNR of 38.14 and NC of 0.998. The technique is also compared to previous technique and results show that our proposed technique have performed better. Furth ermore, payload analysis is carried out to infer that our proposed technique uses only half the payload when compared to previous technique.    

References

[1] Alfred H., On the Theory of the Orthogonal Function Systems, Mathematische Annalen , vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 331-371, 1910.

[2] Amir S. and William A., A New Fast and Efficient Image Codec Based on Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology , vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 243-250, 1996.

[3] Anwar M., Ishtiaq M., Iqbal M., and Jaffar M., Block-based digital Image Watermarking using GA, in Proceedings of the 6 th International Conference on Emerging Technologies , Islamabad, pp. 204-209, 2010.

[4] Bandyopadhyay S., Naskar R., and Chakraborty R., Reversible Digital Watermarking using Integer Wavelet Transform, available at: http://clweb.csa.iisc.ernet.in/sambaran/web_files/ publications/rev_watermarking.pdf, last visited 2011.

[5] Bender W., Gruhl D., and Morimoto N., Techniques for Data Hiding, in Proceedings of the SPIE, Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Database III , San Jose, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 313-336, 1995.

[6] Bhardwaj A. and Ali R., Image Compression using Modified Fast Haar Wavelet Transform, World Applied Sciences Journal , vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 647-653, 2009.

[7] Boato G., Conotter V., Fontanari C., and Natale F., Watermarking Robustness Evaluation Based on Perceptual Quality via GAs, IEEE Transactions On Information Forensics and Security , vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 207-216, 2009.

[8] Chae J. and Manjunath B., A Robust Embedded Data from Wavelet Coefficients, in Proceedings of the SPIE International Conference on Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases VI, San Jose, pp. 308-317, 1998.

[9] Cox I. and Miller M., The First 50 Years of Electronic Watermarking, Journal on Applied Signal Processing , vol. 2, pp. 126-132, 2002.

[10] Cox I., Killian J., Leighton T., and Shamoon T., A Secure Robust Watermark for Multimedia, Information Hiding , Lecture Notes in Computer Science , UK, pp. 183-206, 1996.

[11] Goldberg D., GAs in Search Optimization and Machine Learning, Addison"Wesley, Reading , 116 The International Arab Journal of Information Techn ology Mass , Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co, USA, 1989.

[12] Goldberg D., GAs in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning. Reading, MA: Addison" Wesley , 1999.

[13] Hajjara S., Abdallah M., and Hudaib A., Digital Image Watermarking Using Localized Biorthogonal Wavelets, European Journal of Scientific Research, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 594-608, 2009.

[14] Hartung F. and Ramme F., Digital Right Management and Watermarking of Multimedia Content for M-Commerce Applications, IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 78-84, 2000.

[15] Holland J., Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems, The University of Michigan Press , Ann Arbor, Mich, USA, 1975.

[16] Huang C. and Wu J., Watermark Optimization Technique based on GAs, in Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents II , Calif, USA, vol. 3971, pp. 516-523, 2000.

[17] Jonathan K., Joachim J., and Girod B., Analysis of Digital Watermarks Subjected to Optimum Linear Filtering and Additive Noise, Signal Processing , vol. 81, no. 6, pp. 1141-1175, 2001.

[18] Ramani K., Prasad E., Naidu V., and Ganesh, D., Color Image Watermarking using Bi- Orthogonal Wavelet Transform, International Journal of Computer Applications , vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 25-29, 2010.

[19] Kasmani S. and Sharifi A., A Pre-Filtering Method to Improve Watermark Detection Rate in DCT based Watermarking, the International Arab Journal of Information Technology , vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 178-185, 2012.

[20] Katzenbeisser S. and Petitcolas F., Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking, Boston, MA: Artech House , 2000.

[21] Khalighi S., Tirdad P., and Rabiee H., A Contourlet-Based ImageWatermarking Scheme with High Resistance to Removal and Geometrical Attacks, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing , vol. 2010, no. 21, pp. 13, 2010.

[22] Kumsawat P., A GA Optimization Technique for Multiwavelet-Based Digital AudioWatermarking, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing , Hindawi Publishing Corporation , vol. 2010, no. 3, pp. 10, 2010.

[23] Kumsawat P., Attakitmongcol K., and Srikaew A., A New Approach for Optimization in Image Watermarking by using GAs, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 4707-4719, 2005.

[24] Lavanya A. and Natarajan V., Enhancing Security of DICOM Images During Storage and Transmission in Distributed Environment, Indian Academy of Sciences , vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 515-523, 2011.

[25] Lesk M., The Good, the bad and the Ugly: What Might Change if We Had Good DRM, IEEE Security Privacy Mag , vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 63-66, 2003.

[26] Ou B., Zhao Y., and Ni R., Reversible Watermarking using Optional Prediction Error Histogram Modification, Neurocomputing, vol. 93, pp. 67-76, 2010.

[27] Patil S., Jawale M., and Talpade M., Increasing Robustness and Security of LSB Audio Watermarking using Stereo File, Random Bit Positioning and Bit Encoding, International Journal of Computer Applications in Engineering Technology and Sciences , vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 359- 362, 2010.

[28] Patil S., Potdar G., Patil S., and Jaiswal V., Multiframe Image Super-resolution- A Comparison, the International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering , vol. 02, no. 9, pp. 2989-2992, 2010.

[29] Ramakrishnan S., Gopalakrishnan T., and Balasamy K., SVD Based Robust Digital Watermarking For Still Images Using Wavelet Transform, available at: http://airccj.org/CSCP/vol1/csit1216.pdf, last visited 2011.

[30] Rauanaaidh J., Dowling W., and Boland F., Watermarking Digital Images for Copyright Protection, IEEE Proceeding of Vision , Image , Signal Processing , vol. 143, no. 4, pp. 250-256, 1996.

[31] Santhi V. and Thangavelu A., DWT-SVD Combined Full Band Robust Watermarking Technique for Color Images in YUV Color Space, the International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering , vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 424- 429, 2009.

[32] Sedghi S., Mashhadi H., and Khademi M., Detecting Hidden Information from a Spread Spectrum Watermarked Signal by GA, in Proceedings of IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation , Vancouver, pp. 173-178, 2006.

[33] Seitz J., Digital Watermarking for Digital Media Hershey, PA: Information Science , 2005.

[34] Seo Y., Choi H., Yoo J., and Kim D., Adaptive Watermarking Scheme using Biased Shift of Quantization Index, Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering , vol. 2010, no. 26, pp. 1- 6, 2010.

[35] Seok J. and Hong J., Audio Watermarking for Copyright Protection of Digital Audio Data, IEE Electronics Letters , vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 60-61, 2001. Enhancing the Optimal Robust Watermarking Algorithm to High Payload 117

[36] Sriyingyong N. and Attakitmongcol K., Wavelet-based Audio Watermarking using Adaptive Tabu Search, in Proceedings of the 1 st International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing , Phuket, Thailand, pp. 1-5, 2006.

[37] Vundela P. and Sourirajan V., A Robust Multi- wavelet-Based Watermarking Scheme for Copyright Protection of Digital Images using Human Visual System, the International Arab Journal of Information Technology , vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 495-503, 2013.

[38] Wang R., Xu, D., Chen J., and Du C., Digital Audio Watermarking Algorithm Based on Linear Predictive Coding in Wavelet Domain, in Proceedings of the 7 th International Conference on Signal Processing , Beijing, pp. 2393-2396, 2004.

[39] Wang S. and Lin Y., Wavelet Tree Quantization for Copyright Protection Watermarking, IEEE Trans. Image Process , vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 154- 165, 2004.

[40] Wang X., Niu P., and Yang H., A Robust, Digital-Audio Watermarking Method, IEEE Multimedia, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 60-69, 2009.

[41] Ye J. and Tan G., An Improved Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Meaningful Image, in Proceedings of International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering , Wuhan, Hubei, pp. 822-825, 2008.

[42] Yu P., Tsai H., and Lin J., Digital Watermarking Based on Neural Networks for Color Images, Signal Process , vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 663-671, 2001.

[43] Zain J., Strict Authentication Watermarking with JPEG Compression (SAW-JPEG) for Medical Images, European Journal of Scientific Research , vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 232-241, 2010.

[44] Zamani M., Manaf A., Ahmad R., Khedher A., and Abdullah S., A Genetic-Algorithm-based Approach for Audio Steganography, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology , vol. 54, pp. 360-363, 2009.

[45] Zamani M., Ahmad R., Manaf A., and Zeki A., An Approach to Improve the Robustness of Substitution Techniques of Audio Steganography, in Proceedings of the 2 nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology , Beijing, pp. 5-9, 2009.

[46] Zeki A., Manaf A., and Mahmod S., High Watermarking Capacity Based on Spatial Domain Technique, Information Technology Journal , vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 1367-1373, 2011. Satish Todmal obtained his Bs degree in electronics engineering from University of Pune. Then, he obtained his Ms degree in computer engineering from Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India and currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Information Technology at JSPM s Imperial College o f Engineering and Research, Pune, India. His specializations include embedded systems and signal processing. His current research is optimizing the digital watermarking techniques using genetic algorithms using discrete wavelet transforms. Suhas Patil received his Bs degree from the Shivaji University, Warna Institute of Technology, India in 1989. The Master of Engineering degree from the University of Pune, India, in 1992, and the PhD degree from the Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, India in 2009. He is associated with the field of teachissng for the past 22 years (from 1989 till date). He is currently Professor and Head in the Department of Computer Engineering at Bharati Vidyapeeth University College of Engineering, India . His research interests are in operating systems, computer networks, expert systems and distributed systems. Suhas Patil is a Member of Reviewer Board of IAENG International Conference on Computer Science. He serves as Observer University Grants Commission (India) in number of autonomous Colleges and Universities. He is Associate Member o f International Association of Information Technology Trainers (IT-Train) and Member of International Society of Computer Associations (ISCA). Apart from being Project Evaluator and Expert Faculty for National Open Universities and State Level Universities, he has guided successfully more than 37 post graduate students and pursuing 05 Research Scholars.