Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) can improve traffic efficiency and safety on the roads by enabling real-time vehicle-infrastructure connectivity along roadways. Routing in VANETs presents major obstacles due to the continuously evolving network architecture and security risks. Trust-based routing may improve Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication security, reliability, and Quality of Service (QoS). Trust-based routing requires trustworthy evaluation, authentication, privacy protection, and access control for the Internet of Vehicles (IOV). IOVs’ continual modification poses trust computing algorithm efficiency and scalability issues. Trust-based routing must be able to withstand Sybil attacks and poor vehicle collisions. This study introduces trust-enabled routing for VANETs. The proposed approach combines direct, indirect, situational, and experiential trust to determine node reliability. Mobility has an impact on Direct Trust (DT), which includes punishment and reward parameters, communication frequency and consistency, and delay duration. The value of feedback trust, mobility factor, and link dependability determine iN-Direct Trust (N-DT). Situational trust considers the time period of the day, location, weather, and the density of traffic between every two nodes. Effective communication builds experience and trust. We use final trust scores to select reliable routes, thereby improving network performance. This approach minimizes network latency and enables accurate assessment of trust in real-time with low false positives, enhancing network resource consumption efficiency, dependability, security, and resilience. The new Trust-Enabled Secure Routing (TESR) scheme works better than Graph-Based Trust-enabled Routing (GBTR), Obstacle Prediction-Based Routing Protocol (OPBRP), and Regression Geometric Optimization (LARgeoOPT) in terms of end-to-end delay, routing overhead, latency, dropped packet ratio, throughput, and Packet DeLivery Ratio (PDLR). It does these things by decreasing them by 2%, 2.8%, 4%, 6%, and increasing them by 6% and 7.14%, respectively. TESR improves network performance and reliability, enhances VANET security, and enables the expansion of intelligent transportation systems.

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